About 85% of adults suffer from inflammation of the gums, or gingivitis — many without knowing it. It is not only adults who develop gingivitis; children and adolescents can be affected too. If inflamed gums are found, they should be treated straight away.
What is gingivitis?
In most cases gingivitis is triggered by bacteria or their metabolic products. In this condition the gums become inflamed. The bacteria are found in dental plaque, a film of various deposits that builds up on the teeth over time. Swelling and redness of the gums are typical features.
Gingivitis and periodontitis — what is the difference?
The decisive difference is that in gingivitis the deeper parts of the tooth bed are not affected. If gingivitis is left untreated, however, the bacteria in the gum pocket can multiply further and trigger inflammation of the tooth bed. While the damage from inflamed gums is in many cases still reversible, with periodontitis irreparable damage to the supporting tissue has already occurred. It is therefore important to act as quickly as possible when gingivitis appears, in order to prevent further damage.
What causes inflamed gums
The causes are many. Bacteria from soft (plaque) and hard (tartar) deposits on the teeth are the main cause and trigger of an inflammatory reaction at the gum line. Irritating factors can include overhanging crown or filling margins, which can set off an inflammatory reaction.
Further causes of inflamed gums
- A lack of vitamin C
- Decay
- Dentures that do not fit properly
- Nicotine use
- Hormonal fluctuations caused by pregnancy
- Certain medicines
- Heavy metal poisoning
- Crowded teeth
- Leukaemia
- HIV
The last few points in particular are listed mainly for the sake of completeness, since they very rarely trigger gingivitis.
When is a visit to the dentist advisable?
Have you noticed any of the symptoms above and suspect that you have inflamed gums? The earlier gingivitis is diagnosed, the easier it is to treat and the more successfully further damage can be prevented. Do not hesitate to come to our practice in Cologne. Your questions are welcome, and we are glad to advise and treat you.
