After eating an ice cream or a spoonful of hot chocolate, people usually feel pain and discomfort. In many people these symptoms appear after drinking something cold or hot. This is called dentine hypersensitivity, or tooth sensitivity. The sensitivity can be temporary or keep recurring. One tooth, many teeth or all of them at once can be affected.
Causes of sensitive teeth
Because of weaker enamel, some people are more sensitive than others. Enamel, the outermost layer of the teeth, serves to protect them. Some of the main reasons why people have sensitive teeth are set out below.
Eating more acidic food
Some people enjoy tomatoes, fruit, fruit juice, citrus and other foods. Eating them can, however, lead to a number of dental problems. Enamel is the name for the outermost layer of the tooth, and consuming acidic food and drink can destroy it. The dentine beneath, a sensitive layer, is then exposed. Having a glass of milk or a slice of cheese after eating can help people with sensitive teeth reduce the acid in the mouth.
Certain toothpastes and whiteners
Everyone wants a bright smile. Some people use whitening toothpaste and products to get one. These pastes and whiteners often contain peroxide-based bleaching agents, and these solutions lead to sensitivity. Once they stop using such products, most people report that the discomfort goes away.
Receding gums
The roots of the teeth contain tens of thousands of microscopic tubes. As they approach the pulp, the nerve centre of the tooth, these roots transmit sensations of cold, heat and acidity. The gum tissue protects the roots. With periodontal disease, however, this layer begins to pull away from the teeth. These roots are very sensitive and become more so when exposed.
Clenching and grinding
Enamel is the hardest substance in the body. Even so, grinding and clenching can cause problems. After a while the enamel begins to erode through these habits, which puts the nerve of the tooth in a precarious position. Using a mouthguard and changing lifestyle and diet can halt the wear and the strain.
Be gentle with your mouth
Go to the dentist if you have problems with sensitivity. They can help by finding the real reason for it. If you want a pearly-white grin, you will need to adjust your habits further: choose a toothpaste for sensitive teeth, switch to a soft-bristled brush, buy a fluoride mouthwash and so on.
Treating sensitive teeth
There is no single treatment that is ideal for everyone. Depending on what works best, people can try various home measures and dental treatments. Below are some of the most common and simplest techniques.
At home
- People with sensitivity problems should brush with a soft-bristled brush and a small amount of toothpaste with a normal fluoride content. The benefits of fluoride toothpaste include strengthening the enamel and easing pain. Use gentle movements and no force when brushing.
- You can also use a mouthwash with a very low fluoride content, which may help reduce sensitivity. For treatment you can also see a local dentist.
- A mouthguard is often advised to prevent grinding. It stops the teeth breaking or becoming even more sensitive.
Changing daily habits
To reduce sensitivity, avoid acidic food and drink: citrus fruit, fizzy drinks, alcohol and similar. Using a straw when drinking such things is recommended, since the straw then barely touches the teeth.
Dental treatment
Crowns, inlays and bonding are the most common restorative measures used to treat decayed or imperfect teeth. In these procedures a seal is applied that can raise the risk of sensitivity developing. A surgical gum graft can therefore reduce that risk. It is also recommended that those with persistently sensitive teeth receive a root canal treatment.
The conclusion
For people with sensitive teeth, eating and drinking are difficult. Seeing a dentist early can, however, be an advantage. They will determine the best course of action for you and may also recommend an excellent toothpaste and mouthwash developed specifically for sensitive teeth.
